Abubuwan da ake samarwa a duk faɗin duniya abin ya shafa kamar yadda manazarta suka yi gargaɗi game da al'amurran wadata a cikin shekara mai zuwa
Masu kera motoci a duk faɗin duniya suna kokawa da ƙarancin guntu wanda ke tilasta musu dakatar da samarwa, amma shuwagabanni da manazarta sun ce da alama za su ci gaba da yaƙin har na tsawon shekara ɗaya ko ma biyu.
Infineon Technologies na Jamusanci ya ce a makon da ya gabata yana fafatawa don samar da kasuwanni yayin da cutar ta COVID-19 ta kawo cikas ga samarwa a Malaysia. Har yanzu dai kamfanin na ci gaba da tunkarar bala'in guguwar sanyi a jihar Texas ta Amurka.
Shugaba Reinhard Ploss ya ce kayayyaki sun kasance "a cikin ƙarancin tarihi; Ana jigilar kwakwalwarmu daga masana'anta (masu masana'antu) kai tsaye zuwa aikace-aikacen ƙarshe.
“Buƙatar semiconductor ba ta karye. A halin yanzu, duk da haka, kasuwar tana fuskantar matsanancin halin wadata, "in ji Ploss. Ya ce lamarin na iya dorewa zuwa 2022.
Sabon barna ga masana'antar kera motoci ta duniya ya zo ne yayin da Renesas Electronics ya fara dawo da adadin jigilar kayayyaki daga tsakiyar watan Yuli. Kamfanin kera na'ura na kasar Japan ya samu gobara a masana'antarsa a farkon wannan shekarar.
AlixPartners sun kiyasta cewa masana'antar kera motoci na iya yin asarar dala biliyan 61 a tallace-tallace a wannan shekara saboda karancin guntu.
Stellantis, babban mai kera motoci a duniya, ya yi gargadin a makon da ya gabata cewa karancin na'urorin za su ci gaba da fuskantar samarwa.
Janar Motors ya ce karancin guntu zai tilasta mata yin aiki a masana'antu uku na Arewacin Amurka da ke kera manyan motocin daukar kaya.
Tsayar da aikin zai kasance karo na biyu a cikin 'yan makonnin nan da manyan manyan manyan motoci uku na GM za su daina samarwa ko duka saboda rikicin guntu.
BMW ya kiyasta cewa ba za a iya kera motoci 90,000 ba saboda ƙarancin wannan shekarar.
"Saboda rashin tabbas a halin yanzu game da samar da na'urori na semiconductor, ba za mu iya yin watsi da yuwuwar tasirin alkaluman tallace-tallacen namu ta hanyar rage lokutan samar da kayayyaki ba," in ji memban kwamitin BMW na kudi Nicolas Peter.
A kasar Sin, kamfanin Toyota ya dakatar da wani layin samar da kayayyaki a Guangzhou, babban birnin lardin Guangdong, a makon da ya gabata, saboda ba zai iya samar da isassun na'urori masu kwakwalwa ba.
Ita ma Volkswagen ta fuskanci rikicin. Ya sayar da motoci miliyan 1.85 a kasar Sin a farkon rabin shekarar, wanda ya karu da kashi 16.2 cikin dari a duk shekara, wanda ya yi kasa da matsakaicin karuwar karuwar kashi 27 cikin dari.
"Mun ga tallace-tallace mai laushi a cikin Q2. Ba don kwastomomin China ba kwatsam ba sa son mu. Kawai saboda karancin guntu ya shafe mu," in ji shugaban kamfanin Volkswagen Group China Stephan Woellenstein.
Ya ce a cikin watan Yunin da ya gabata ya shafi samar da kayayyaki sosai dangane da dandalinsa na MQB, wanda a kan sa ake kera motocin Volkswagen da Skoda. Dole ne tsire-tsire su daidaita tsare-tsaren samar da su kusan kowace rana.
Woellenstein ya ce karancin ya rage a watan Yuli amma za a rage shi daga watan Agusta yayin da mai kera motoci ke juya zuwa wasu masu kaya. Koyaya, ya yi gargadin cewa yanayin samar da kayayyaki gabaɗaya ya kasance mai sauƙi kuma ƙarancin gabaɗaya zai ci gaba da kyau har zuwa 2022.
Kungiyar masu kera motoci ta kasar Sin ta bayyana cewa, an yi kiyasin cewa hada-hadar da masu kera motoci ke yi a kasar ya ragu da kashi 13.8 cikin dari a duk shekara zuwa kusan miliyan 1.82 a watan Yuli, inda karancin guntu ya zama babban laifi.
Jean-Marc Chery, Shugaba na Franco-Italian chipmaker STMicroelectronics, ya ce umarni na shekara mai zuwa ya zarce karfin masana'antar kamfaninsa.
Akwai babban yarda a cikin masana'antar cewa ƙarancin "zai wuce har zuwa shekara mai zuwa a mafi ƙarancin", in ji shi.
Infineon's Ploss ya ce: "Muna yin iya ƙoƙarinmu don inganta al'amura tare da dukkan sarkar darajar kuma muna aiki cikin sassauƙa kamar yadda zai yiwu don amfanin abokan cinikinmu.
"A lokaci guda kuma, muna ci gaba da haɓaka ƙarin ƙarfi."
Amma sabbin masana'antu ba za su iya buɗewa dare ɗaya ba. "Gina sabon ƙarfin yana ɗaukar lokaci - don sabon fab, fiye da shekaru 2.5," in ji Ondrej Burkacky, babban abokin tarayya da kuma shugaban ƙungiyar semiconductor na duniya a mashawarcin McKinsey.
"Don haka yawancin fadada da ke farawa a yanzu ba za su kara karfin da ake da su ba har sai 2023," in ji Burkacky.
Gwamnatoci a kasashe daban-daban suna yin jari na dogon lokaci yayin da motoci ke zama masu wayo kuma suna buƙatar ƙarin guntu.
A watan Mayu, Koriya ta Kudu ta ba da sanarwar zuba jarin dala biliyan 451 a yunkurinta na zama katafaren masana'antu. A watan da ya gabata, Majalisar Dattijan Amurka ta kada kuri'a ta hanyar dala biliyan 52 a cikin tallafin da ake samu na tsiron guntu.
Tarayyar Turai na neman ninka kasonta na karfin kera guntu na duniya zuwa kashi 20 na kasuwa nan da shekarar 2030.
Kasar Sin ta ayyana kyawawan manufofi don karfafa ci gaban fannin. Miao Wei, tsohuwar ministar masana'antu da fasahar watsa labaru, ta ce wani darasi daga karancin guntu na duniya shi ne, kasar Sin na bukatar masana'antar sarrafa guntu mai cin gashin kanta da kanta.
“Muna cikin zamanin da software ke bayyana motoci, kuma motoci suna buƙatar CPUs da tsarin aiki. Don haka ya kamata mu yi shiri tun da wuri,” in ji Miao.
Kamfanonin kasar Sin suna samun ci gaba a cikin manyan kwakwalwan kwamfuta, kamar waɗanda ake buƙata don ayyukan tuƙi masu cin gashin kansu.
Kamfanin Horizon Robotics na farko na Beijing ya jigilar sama da kwakwalwan kwamfuta sama da 400,000 tun lokacin da aka shigar da na farko a cikin samfurin Changan na gida a watan Yuni 2020.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-09-2021